Posted By Stephen M. Walt Share

So first we expanded our forces in Afghanistan. Then we took on the challenge of prison reform there (ignoring the fact that America's own prison system is a national disgrace). And yesterday we learned that U.S. armed forces are putting suspected Afghan drug dealers on a "kill or capture" list. In other words, we are now extending the "war on drugs" to Afghanistan, ignoring the fact that this "war" (first announced by Richard Nixon four decades ago) hasn't led to victory. The new strategy also ignores some of the obvious lessons of that "war," and places the United States on some pretty dubious moral ground.

A colleague with extensive experience in the field of criminal justice wrote me with the following comment yesterday:

If Obama thinks the Cambridge police 'acted stupidly' by arresting Skip Gates, I wonder what adverb he'd use to describe his own latest police strategy in the War on Drugs in Afghanistan. 'Gee, let’s kill the top drug dealers.' Sounds smart at first glance, but given how lucrative the drug trade is, what do you think will happen after few of the top leaders are bumped off? Answer: others will compete to take their places. Police in the United States are just beginning to admit that their own efforts to remove drug dealers from the street drug markets of the late 1980s may have been the cause of the spike in violence in America's cities in this same period. Why? Because the police operations threw drug markets into chaos, leading to a ruthless competition among those who would take the place of the dealers whom the police were eliminating. In short, this is a formula to escalate the cycle of violence in Afghanistan, not to end it. For anyone who's been awake and watching the many failed strategies in the US war on drugs at home, it just looks stupid.

And that doesn't even get to the legal/ethical questions here. The Obama administration now says they will put someone on the kill list if there are two credible sources plus corroborating information. Sounds to me like a reasonable standard for getting a search warrant, but not for an assassination. Gee, if that proves a legal and ethical standard, we might try it at home in the war on drugs. Sure is cheaper than those long prison sentences, and a far lower evidentiary standard.

And I love the claim by the architects of this policy: 'we just want them to choose legitimacy.' Do they just not see that they are forfeiting the very thing they claim they want? They don’t really give a damn about legitimacy -- defined as a morally defensible position -- they just want the drug dealers to choose our side. This is just like Bush: 'you’re either one of our drug dealers, or one of theirs.' And if you’re the latter, we’re going to kill you."

I would only add that we've had enough trouble waging the war on drugs here at home, where cops understand the local culture reasonably well and speak the relevant languages. Political rivals in Afghanistan are going to start ratting each other out to the Americans, and we aren't going to be very good at sorting out "credible sources" from accusations that spring from other motives. Just look at how many other intelligence errors we've made over the past decade; not because we're incompetent, mind you, but because accurate intelligence in a counterinsurgency war is very difficult to come by and errors are inevitable. But instead of the usual standard that one is "innocent until proven guilty," now simply being accused of being in the drug business is enough to get you killed.

And let's not forget that Afghan drug lords aren't socially isolated individuals: they are embedded in their own tribal and family networks. Killing them won't eliminate the drug problem, but it could easily anger their kinsmen and make efforts to pacify the country even more difficult. I hope my colleague and I are both wrong about this, but I fear this policy is another sign that we simply don’t know what we are doing there.

SHAH MARAI/AFP/Getty Images

 

BLUE13326

4:50 PM ET

August 11, 2009

This seems so absurd it's

This seems so absurd it's hard to believe it's not satire.

As your friend says, we know not only from our own experience, but from that of Mexico, that killing drug lords does not lead to any kind of victory in the 'war on drugs'. As if our soldiers didn't have enough to do there; as if our generals aren't asking for more and more troops. I don't get it. It's too crazy. This has to be a joke.

 

WADOSY

4:44 PM ET

August 13, 2009

if this tactic is part of "operation enduring turmoil"...

... with the object of causing so much trouble that pipelines cant be built through afghanistan, it looks like a winner.

we're supposed to blame stupidity or hubris or wrongheadedness for "unintentional consequences", except that the consequences we get are exactly what the planners intended...

...for instance, we need so much commotion in afghanistan, balochistan and pakistan that pipelines cant be built to china, pakistan and india... that energy is supposed to go to "western civilization".

but nobody can admit that, so we're supposed to believe that the trouble that interferes with pipeline construction is all a horrible mistake.

the root problem being: the planners have to disguise the fact that global energy supplies are getting so tight that 9/11 was staged to get a jump on grabbing control of energy.

 

CLINT

4:53 PM ET

August 11, 2009

Same goes for War on Terror

Listen to your friend:
'Gee, let’s kill the top terrorists?' Sounds smart at first glance, but.........what do you think will happen after few of the top leaders are bumped off? Answer: others will compete to take their places.

We need to fix our Foreign Policy.

 

APARICIO

5:34 PM ET

August 11, 2009

I have not heard anything in the US military bases in Colombia

Well, if the lesson was not learnt in Colombia, and now in Mexico, I guess it will never be learnt.

However, professor Walt, what is the rationale behing building more US military bases in Colombia. Is that a lack of realism or what?

Lots of money waited, for what? "drugtraffick and terrorism"? Come on guys-----Latin America is not important neither dangerous enough. Just more fuel for antiamericanism

 

DAVE123

6:27 PM ET

August 11, 2009

Well, you may be right on the

Well, you are probably right on the effectiveness of the tactic, but not the reason for it. The reason for the War on Drugs is to lower the amount of drugs entering the US. The killing of Afghan drug lords is to stop the flow of money to the Taliban. We will never stop the growing of poppy unless we resort to Taliban like methods (ironic that they are now funded by something they outlawed), but we might convince tribes that using their profits to support the Taliban is not a good idea.

 

VLADIMIR

6:49 PM ET

August 11, 2009

Yes but if the goal is to

Yes but if the goal is to shore up support for the Karzai regime why not then kill those drug lords who don't swear loyalty to Kabul. Like in the time of Taliban rule; the drug trade will be strictly controlled by regime allies, prices will rise as competition declines, another benchmark (lower drug production) will be met and those regions will be pacified by inducing war lords to play ball to get a cut of the drug action. From a realist perspective it's ironic that the United States would try to purse a goal of ending opium production in Afghanistan when experience teaches its access to profits made from the drug trade (not production but trafficking) that any regime would like to gain control over so as to buy off key constituents.

 

DAVE123

9:10 PM ET

August 11, 2009

Except I don't think the goal

From a realist perspective it's ironic that the United States would try to purse a goal of ending opium production in Afghanistan.

Except, I don't think the goal is to end drug production. The goal is to send a signal to opium growers--don't give money to the Taliban. Whether this will work is another matter, but it is not analogous to the war on drugs.

 

APARICIO

9:40 PM ET

August 11, 2009

uh?

ok, so the moral is, stop giving them money, else we kill. Pretty convincing. However, that would not work at all.

 

CLINT

10:09 PM ET

August 11, 2009

"Targeted until proven innocent"

"Targeted until proven innocent" is the US foreign policy, btw.

e.g. the absolutely fictitious Iranian nuclear weapons program.

 

CLINT

1:35 AM ET

August 12, 2009

...and the Iraqi WMD

...and the Iraqi WMD program.

Frcikin zionist neocons

 

BRETT

5:32 AM ET

August 12, 2009

This would be so much easier

This would be so much easier if they would just buy the poppies en masse directly from the farmers (completely cutting the Taliban out of the system), which would also double as a means of injecting money into Afghanistan's economy. Apparently MI6 suggested buying the entire poppy crop, according to Ahmed Rashid's latest book, and it's a real pity that they never took it seriously.

Hell, it's not like they're producing cocaine - those poppies and the opiates they make have legitimate markets and products that they could be applied for. Instead, they're lining the pockets of the Taliban and countless other black market middlemen.

 

BOB SPENCER

11:48 AM ET

August 12, 2009

Do successful contextual politics or lose

What do you think of this? In a peasant based insurgency, the side that is least effective politically will be the side that escalates its military actions. In addition, the side that then escalates the military actions will lose the conflict.

The interlaced networks of drug merchants, government politicians and warlord factions represent the political system in Afghanistan. We have rejected meaningful attempts to penetrate and recruit within this system. If we continue this behavior, we will lose.

Bob Spencer

 

SREEKANTH

5:01 PM ET

August 12, 2009

It's always a mistake to

It's always a mistake to project domestic hot button items on to other countries. Whatever one might think about the WOD in the US context, the current situation is entirely different.

Referring to the NYT article itself, the headline is : U.S. to Hunt Down Afghan Drug Lords Tied to Taliban. All thru the article, there are caveats that this is not a generic WOD, but an extension of the war on the Taliban. The money quote is : "Lt. Col. Patrick Ryder, a Pentagon spokesman ... said that it was “important to clarify that we are targeting terrorists with links to the drug trade, rather than targeting drug traffickers with links to terrorism.” "

So the NYT article goes at great lengths to say this is NOT a WOD, yet you attribute that article, and call it a WOD.

 

FROUNDS3

6:24 PM ET

August 12, 2009

Drug War

Heroin is probably the only cash crop Afghanistan has. Obviously killing drug lords has little effect, so another option is to make the product worthless. This can be done by making tons of it available to Europe and Asia. Just drop it in surreptitiously. Feed the addicts with lots of free smack. Dealing with the medical problem might be easier and cheaper than the continuous war senario.

 

THOMAS79

4:05 PM ET

August 13, 2009

Drug Problem?

And why shouldn't we use the same strategy in Afganistan that the DEA uses for the US? After all, its has worked so well. Thank god for the DEA, or the US might have a drug problem.
Ahem....

The impoverished will do what they have to, to stay alive and feed their children.
Until they have access to other markets, the farmers are not given much choice.

 

Stephen M. Walt is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University.

Read More