Thursday, December 10, 2009 - 4:44 PM
Instead of spending a lot of time parsing Obama's latest speech -- to no one's surprise, it was thoughtful, self-effacing, nuanced, balanced, eloquent, lucid, well-delivered, etc. etc. (yawn) -- I suggest we focus our attention henceforth on what he actually does.
And if you want a good idea of how deep a hole he's dug himself in the war he defended (Afghanistan), please take note of General David Petraeus's warning to Congress that "it is going to be years before [the Afghan government] can handle the bulk of the security tasks and allow the bulk of our troopers to redeploy," and that "achieving progress in Afghanistan will be hard, and the progress there will likely be slower in developing than was the progress in Iraq."
One reason, as Petraeus's statements make clear, is that the U.S. strategy is still predicated on the goal of creating an efficient centralized state in Afghanistan, one that can field 400,000 well-trained and reliable troops and security forces, even though this goal is at odds with Afghanistan's political traditions and takes little account of the considerable ethnic divisions within the country. It's like trying to build a pyramid with marbles, and about as likely to succeed.
And then read the recent account by veteran journalist Nir Rosen, who has spent a lot of time in Pakistan and Afghanistan and provides a scathing assessment of our prospects. Makes me wonder if we will one day regard Obama's award the same way one might look upon previous winners such as Theodore Roosevelt (whose "mediation" of the Russo-Japanese War paved the way for Japan's brutal colonization of Korea) or Frank B. Kellogg (co-author of the utopian Kellogg-Briand Pact), not to mention Le Duc Tho and Henry Kissinger.
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Your right, his speech was eloquent, smooth, on-topic, and carefully worded. But as Americans are coming to realize, speaking well in front of a nationally-televised audience is not exactly conductive to good policy. I hate to bring all of the unresolved issues up (as every Obama hater loves to do), but let's review for one moment:
1) The mission in Afghanistan will probably be remembered as an abrupt failure (and dare I say a 21st Century Vietnam) if the President is sincere in his July 2011 time table. If the Taliban insurgency is still as strong- or stronger- eighteen months from now, the President may have to participate in his 3rd Afghan policy review in four years.
2) Obama's unconditional dialogue with Iran has resulted in nothing more than frustration and defiance. Expect Iran to gain a nuclear capability in the next year.
3) Iraq is once again stepping on eggshells. Take yesterday's devastating bombing in the center of Baghdad, and it is quite obvious that there is more work to be done. Hopefully this will occur before December 2011.
4) The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is at its worst since the 2000 intifada.
And yet, a Nobel Prize is awarded to the President. Dialogue over substance, and rhetoric over action. Hopefully the White House will come to recognize what the American people have already understood; compassionate speeches cannot substitute for action.
http://depetris.wordpress.com
Thank you for linking to Nir Rosen's essay.
He is exactly right -- just as I have been posting for the last few months, btw.
See his last paragraph.
The URL is:
http://www.bostonreview.net/BR35.1/rosen.php
"Al Qaeda is not determined to do evil for the sake of evil. It is a movement that won support, to the extent that it has, in response to America’s imperial excesses. Many of the popular grievances and resentments it mobilizes—including U.S. support for the Israeli occupation of Palestine and for friendly dictators—are legitimate, even if killing American civilians is a heinous means of addressing them. The resentments were not produced by al Qaeda’s ideology. They have existed for decades. The causes have remained the same, though the discourse used by those who fight imperialism has changed from secular to religious. Addressing these problems at their roots would do much more—for Afghans and for us—than sending in the military once more to do the work of decent politics."
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Will the Likud lobby let us reclaim US FP?
Al-Jazirah Arabic TV ignored it too
They usually carry all US Presidential speeches, but they didn't carry this speech.
My nomination for Next Year's Nobel Prize
for speaking the TRUTH, Sir Gerald Kaufman, MP:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMGuYjt6CP8
To start I'll thank you Mr. Walt to not link to Wikipedia articles. I realize the majority of people who use this site are probably comfortable with the site but it just doesn't encourage strict standards.
On Roosevelt and mediation may I point out that Japan had effectively knocked Russia off its feet in the opening shots of the war, and I'm not certain that Russia would have been realistically been able to bring its resources to bear on Japan like the United States would later. We should consider it lucky that 'all' Japan took was part of Korea even if it did set the U.S on a road to war with Japan ourselves in several decades. More to the point, at the time it served the ambitions of the U.S more than the alternative of not interfering would have.
On Kissinger, by that point the United States was scrambling for a way to get out of South Vietnam at the same time as Watergate and the Yom Kippur War. I would have thought it obvious that we weren't going to get a good deal.
Interesting points. I tend not to use wikipedia for anything that is potentially controversial, and I tell my students to use on-line sources (and indeed, all sources) with a skeptical eye. On the other hand, there have been several scholarly studies of Wikipedia's "reliability" that suggest that its error rate is no worse than some more "traditional" sources. All reference works ought to be used with caution, but if you're looking for a basic account of something like the Kellogg-Briand pact, it's usually not a bad first cut. And not everybody is within walking distance of a good research library.
I'll grant you that you can't expect everyone to have resources available to know what the pact was (sadly, it's actually an interesting part of prewar history). I'd still urge any reader to avoid Wikipedia for anything besides television or games.
Also I've noticed in class it's actually easy to tell which students based their presentations on it and which haven't. The ones who have sound like they're reading from a dictionary.
Thank you for pointing this out. It's right that TR thought Japan could have got more in the peace settlement. But he was much more "hands-off" than most people realize, and the Russian negotiator, Sergei Witte, happened to a much better poker player than his Japanese counterpart. So Roosevelt actually had very little do with the details of that settlement, but was merely a facilitator, allowing both states to come together and hammer something out.
For a realist to blame one man for big structural shifts in history (like Japan's expansion) is very strange. To base it on one op-ed by a writer that couldn't get his facts straight(the article is corrected) is also strange.
Why did Japan want Korea? Japan is a resource-depleted island, and Korea (along with Manchuria) held necessary resources so that Japan would not have to rely on trade with America or Russia. It should be pointed out that the West had already carved up China without giving Japan a decent piece of the pie, so it's not like their fears were completely ridiculous. It's a small country surrounded by great powers. (I am not defending Japan's ideology and atrocities in their colonies; but I am trying to point that Theodore Roosevelt had very little to do with their actions).
Why was Japan able to take Korea? Because it was the strongest military in the region. It had beaten the other two big powers on the block, China and Russia. So, could the United States have stopped Japan from taking Korea? Doubtful, short of war. Moreover, the Japanese were amazed when Roosevelt sent the Great White Fleet around the world...but it also scared them and probably caused them to embark with even more zest on the their colonial quest. So in that, perhaps, Roosevelt did have more of a hand by making the security dilemma more acute in East Asia (our presence in the Philippines didn't help.)
Roosevelt was many things, but he wasn't the architect of the entire history of East Asia from 1905-1945 as some of his critics claim (most notably Howard K. Beale).
A Realist in an Ideological Age
Are You Kidding.
Obama is no more a realist than the infamous "W".
Instead we have an arrogant primadonna in a black suit.
It's really disappointing that he did not have the cojones to refard the "peace" prize as something to earn by his actions going forward. Like Kissenger and so many others before him, he has chosen the path of war rather than diplomacy, because it would take real courage to say no to the military industrial complex and actually commit to peace in Afghanistan/Pakistan and Iraq. Instead, he leads his nation and its people deeper into the next quagmire, while one foot is still stuck in the last. The opportunities for real efforts towards peace are many: Isreal-Palestine, Iraq, India and Pakistan, Afghanistan - but those would take real hard work and a determination to achieve success regardless of whether he gets re-elected in 3 years.
I suppose, had President Obama been awarded the Nobel Prize, for the like of a Briand-Kellogg Pact, I suppose he would have been flattered, rather than having to say, that there are many others whom would be more worthy than him for the award.
It seems for the first time, at least as far as one knows, that the Nobel Prize is being awarded as an encouragement to achieve, rather than as a recognition of achievement. Therefore, I guess it cannot be seen with the same light as the other Nobel prize awards.
khairi janbek.paris/france
It was a great speech. I don't want to think about the harsh truths you bring up right now.
Please blue hang in there that good feeling you have will pass. Thanks for not bothering to cover it it's a waste of brain power.
The speech was a unabashed rehash of the Bush Doctrine of Neocon pseudo philosophy, a series of false premises justifying unlimited use of force in quest of absolute power...power being an end in itself.
This includes the first strike unilateral option, a sacred right of our new presidential dictatorships.
Obama so far looks less like a dictator then a dictation machine.
The delivery was flat, monotonous, unconvincing, and dull. We've heard this speech before, under Bush.
Bush's favorite words and false labeling, "evil", "rape," "terrorists," "terror," "muslim,".......were once again brought to life as if by ventriloquism (is Dick Cheney really Gerry Mahoney?)
The word "Torture," did not appear. "Abu Ghraib" was not heard. "Killing" was not used.
We were reminded that if America drops a bomb on civilians it's good.
We were reminded that America will practice sanctions against countries that do not comply. This practice is known to impact children and elderly people in the countries that are treated to this form of collective punishment (a practice that violates human rights and decency). These policies are not political they are just old fashioned military siege policies, practiced against populations that occupy land that is of strategic and economic value to the people who make war.
But, the star of the show was absent at the Norway event:
Who was the star of the show?
The American People. You know, the people who allow their government to continue to carry out collective punishment on populations of civilians in foreign countries in order to influence their domestic and foreign economic policies.
Whatever happened to the Iranian boy who had his arms blown off during the last American "Shock and Awe" bombing, meant to bring "peace" to the region?
He wasn't at the speech in Norway. The King and Queen looked wonderful. Very attractive couple.
The American people have elected Obama to change course, and he has now thumbed his nose at those who voted for him.
Meanwhile, the public....people, deprived of any role in their government's policies have begun to feebly find complicated reasons for agreeing with that anti-democratic, "unilateral," top down style of government, rather than face the unpleasant fact that they've been had, made fools of, been taken in, deceived.
The speech flagrantly disregards the truth.
This sort of speech is designed to deliberately humiliate the public and cow public opinion.
At youtube you can see a video about this problem. It is about the nature of hypocrisy and polite falsehood. Harry Frankfurt points out that BS is a culture of disrespect for the concept of truth.
Here is that link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1RO93OS0Sk
Beyond this, Obama has stated he is going in to Afghanistan to "Finish the job." Does this mean he is finishing the "job" that Bush started: Destroying the economy, the prestige, power, and dignity of the US and its citizens?
He's made a good start with the refusal to fix the medical insurance fiasco that kills so many people in the US, and his refusal to bring financial relief to US homeowners reeling under the weight of Wallstreet fraud and its consequences. Instead he has given billions to Wallstreet and billions more to war contractors, to continue a war of conquest, designed to open up an oil corridor that runs from the mediterranean to China, by making war on Iran, subduing and genociding Afghanistan and Iraq.
For that he is awarded a "Peace" prize?
He doesn't even intend to be a two term president. He's throwing the election in 2012, deliberately.
It's quite an insult to his former constituents and to democracy. His stances are not popular. He does not care, obviously. And, they have not even been presented to the people. They have simply been announced as a "fait accompli."
It's a sad state of the Union.
Let us not forget the other "winners"
Such as Henry Kissinger, Zbignew Brzezinski and the Rand Corporation, who in the 1980's, out of concern for US interests in the ME and SW Asia which they saw threatened by the Soviet Union and its allies eagerly embraced radical Islam (Saudi, Pakistan and the Mudjahideen) as counterweight and Bill Clinton's fateful decision to welcome Pakistan's plan to fund, train, arm and deploy the Taliban to Afghanistan and thus put out the welcome mat to Osama Bin Laden. BTW, most US and British Arabists pointed out the danger.
You don't exploit someone else's revealed religion to achieve your foreign policy ends because it is riding the tiger.
Also, why all the horsing around? Can't someone in Washington just tell us that we'll be unloading billions in Afghanistan for at least 15 years and that half a million US troops are needed?
(I don't mean "winner" in the Nobel sense.)
How about we just ignore the Nobel Peace Prize? Isn't it pretty evident that the folks giving it are far more concerned with making topical political points rather than honoring people who come up with and push ideas that advance peace? Elsewise they wouldn't always be giving the damn prize to this or that big political figure who, like as not, was forced into making peace or etc., and instead naming the unknowns who are so frequently out there who for the genuine sake of peace are out there doing the intellectual grunt work of trying to think out and advance solutions to conflicts and etc.
The committee is shockingly shallow.
"Makes me wonder if we will one day regard Obama's award the same way one might look upon previous winners..."
... or the way that many of us look upon his election.
speech was certainly not one Walt would make. Obvious respose
While I disapprove of the majority of Obama's policy, I felt the speech was an extraordinarily balanced and blunt justification for wars in a limited,justified fashion. I admit the speech had quite the neocon twang to it, but as a student of IR, the speech was absolutely fascinating. Prof. Drezner's column articulates this well, as per usual. Fact is, Prof. Walt has to, by default, attempt to repudiate this particular speech, because it espouses values he abhors (american primacy and the fact that war can be justified). This is in sharp contrast of course to Obamas Cairo speech, in which, irrespective of its connotations, was analogous to his ideology. No need to elaborate further; Prof. Walt, who I disagree with almost categorically but nonetheless respect, took a childish stance in attempting to displace attention away from a fantastic speech. I agree that hes all oration and no results, which is one topic I concur with. However, he really laid out a wonderful, multifaceted speech that as an IR student currently studying Christian pacifism alongside "Just War theory" and its applications to counterterrorism efforts was fascinating. Note, I am center-right in my political leanings, and not a fan of Obama. This speech swayed me, however. If this is any reflection of his eventual "Obama Doctrine", that it looks like we're on the right track. Then again, he hasn't accomplished much of what hes promised and he really couldn't just ignore the fact that hes fighting a multi-front, multinational war. Good show nontheless.
See image of Obama's teleprompter
I know it's is trivial to you Americans. Nevertheless it is fascinating for us in truly democratic countries to see evidence of the American televised pseudo-democracy in action.
Most American media doesn't show the prompters, but on this Norwegian photograph you can clearly see (one) of the two tele-prompters.
What is the idea to travel half the way around the globe just to read aloud what some dude have written? This is not worthy of an American President, and if he cannot come up with anything himself, then I would suggest to put up.
Obama, you MUST be so smart not to use teleprompters the next time, but to keep it simple. Also think of the huge embarrassment to the Norwegian hosts - Norway being an old fashioned democracy - having these bad-behaved Americans coming to town and stealing the agenda, without showing sufficient respect to the Majesties sitting in the front row. I think this is unprecedented that an American President snubs Royals in this way - he even refused to dine with the Royals at the Palace.
Some might think that “truly democratic countries” aren’t burdened with royal families. Oh well, perhaps Norway will soon be unburdened, with Mette-Marit now in the bloodline…
And WTF with Walt citing Nir Rosen? Talk about a hater—that guy hates everything: Gen McChrystal, the General’s diet, everyday American soldiers, GIRoA… Oh wait, Nir doesn’t seem to hate AQ and the Taliban. Nice. Walt really needs to find some better sources to cite; as for prince Haakon--rock on, smoke one, and enjoy your “bonus prince”…
For American political observers, it should be an obvious paradox that the same Nobel Peace Prize Committee that awarded two anti-Bush prizes – to Carter and Gore - relaunches Bush’ own strategy of “preemptive strike”. Only this time for the purpose of peace. What could we Norwegians have been thinking? As a former Norwegian diplomat, I take you behind the scenes to explain the Norse code behind the Nobel Committee’s decision in this blog post: http://bergesen.wordpress.com/2009/10/21/preemptive-peace-norwegian-style/
I think everyone forgets that he has a speech writer. Everyone keeps talking about his speech but yet he has an amazing writer. One who can fool the world actually. Thanks for your great article. casino en ligne
No doubt, it was a great speech. I don't want to comment the truths you bring up right now.
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Maybe one day the world will understand his action. grosse salope
Obama loves to talk and give high promises. The world over is realizing it, there is only big speeches than bigger and better actions. First of all the way Obama had got a Nobel Prize is still in question? Just because they were other worthy hands over the world. Obama had not done anything to get qualified for that prize. His speech was made with many big promises. The Afghan issue is quite a problem for the US administration now and for the future. Obama should keep up to the hopes of the people of America. This calendar date will be always in the history for having handed over the Noble prize for a person who never deserved.
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Stephen M. Walt is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University.
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